时间增量#

时间增量是时间的差异,以不同的单位表示,例如天、小时、分钟、秒。它们可以是正数也可以是负数。

Timedeltadatetime.timedelta 的子类,行为类似,但允许与 np.timedelta64 类型以及许多自定义表示、解析和属性兼容。

解析#

您可以通过各种参数构造 Timedelta 标量,包括 ISO 8601 持续时间 字符串。

In [1]: import datetime

# strings
In [2]: pd.Timedelta("1 days")
Out[2]: Timedelta('1 days 00:00:00')

In [3]: pd.Timedelta("1 days 00:00:00")
Out[3]: Timedelta('1 days 00:00:00')

In [4]: pd.Timedelta("1 days 2 hours")
Out[4]: Timedelta('1 days 02:00:00')

In [5]: pd.Timedelta("-1 days 2 min 3us")
Out[5]: Timedelta('-2 days +23:57:59.999997')

# like datetime.timedelta
# note: these MUST be specified as keyword arguments
In [6]: pd.Timedelta(days=1, seconds=1)
Out[6]: Timedelta('1 days 00:00:01')

# integers with a unit
In [7]: pd.Timedelta(1, unit="d")
Out[7]: Timedelta('1 days 00:00:00')

# from a datetime.timedelta/np.timedelta64
In [8]: pd.Timedelta(datetime.timedelta(days=1, seconds=1))
Out[8]: Timedelta('1 days 00:00:01')

In [9]: pd.Timedelta(np.timedelta64(1, "ms"))
Out[9]: Timedelta('0 days 00:00:00.001000')

# negative Timedeltas have this string repr
# to be more consistent with datetime.timedelta conventions
In [10]: pd.Timedelta("-1us")
Out[10]: Timedelta('-1 days +23:59:59.999999')

# a NaT
In [11]: pd.Timedelta("nan")
Out[11]: NaT

In [12]: pd.Timedelta("nat")
Out[12]: NaT

# ISO 8601 Duration strings
In [13]: pd.Timedelta("P0DT0H1M0S")
Out[13]: Timedelta('0 days 00:01:00')

In [14]: pd.Timedelta("P0DT0H0M0.000000123S")
Out[14]: Timedelta('0 days 00:00:00.000000123')

DateOffsets (Day, Hour, Minute, Second, Milli, Micro, Nano) 也可以用于构造。

In [15]: pd.Timedelta(pd.offsets.Second(2))
Out[15]: Timedelta('0 days 00:00:02')

此外,标量之间的运算会产生另一个标量 Timedelta

In [16]: pd.Timedelta(pd.offsets.Day(2)) + pd.Timedelta(pd.offsets.Second(2)) + pd.Timedelta(
   ....:     "00:00:00.000123"
   ....: )
   ....: 
Out[16]: Timedelta('2 days 00:00:02.000123')

to_timedelta#

使用顶层 pd.to_timedelta,您可以将标量、数组、列表或 Series 从识别的 timedelta 格式/值转换为 Timedelta 类型。如果输入是 Series,它将构造 Series;如果输入是标量,它将构造标量;否则,它将输出 TimedeltaIndex

您可以将单个字符串解析为 Timedelta

In [17]: pd.to_timedelta("1 days 06:05:01.00003")
Out[17]: Timedelta('1 days 06:05:01.000030')

In [18]: pd.to_timedelta("15.5us")
Out[18]: Timedelta('0 days 00:00:00.000015500')

或字符串列表/数组

In [19]: pd.to_timedelta(["1 days 06:05:01.00003", "15.5us", "nan"])
Out[19]: TimedeltaIndex(['1 days 06:05:01.000030', '0 days 00:00:00.000015500', NaT], dtype='timedelta64[ns]', freq=None)

如果输入是数字,则 unit 关键字参数指定 Timedelta 的单位

In [20]: pd.to_timedelta(np.arange(5), unit="s")
Out[20]: 
TimedeltaIndex(['0 days 00:00:00', '0 days 00:00:01', '0 days 00:00:02',
                '0 days 00:00:03', '0 days 00:00:04'],
               dtype='timedelta64[ns]', freq=None)

In [21]: pd.to_timedelta(np.arange(5), unit="d")
Out[21]: TimedeltaIndex(['0 days', '1 days', '2 days', '3 days', '4 days'], dtype='timedelta64[ns]', freq=None)

警告

如果将字符串或字符串数组作为输入传递,则将忽略 unit 关键字参数。如果传递没有单位的字符串,则假定默认单位为纳秒。

Timedelta 限制#

pandas 使用 64 位整数以纳秒分辨率表示 Timedeltas。因此,64 位整数限制决定了 Timedelta 限制。

In [22]: pd.Timedelta.min
Out[22]: Timedelta('-106752 days +00:12:43.145224193')

In [23]: pd.Timedelta.max
Out[23]: Timedelta('106751 days 23:47:16.854775807')

操作#

您可以对 Series/DataFrames 进行操作,并通过对 datetime64[ns] Series 或 Timestamps 进行减法运算来构造 timedelta64[ns] Series。

In [24]: s = pd.Series(pd.date_range("2012-1-1", periods=3, freq="D"))

In [25]: td = pd.Series([pd.Timedelta(days=i) for i in range(3)])

In [26]: df = pd.DataFrame({"A": s, "B": td})

In [27]: df
Out[27]: 
           A      B
0 2012-01-01 0 days
1 2012-01-02 1 days
2 2012-01-03 2 days

In [28]: df["C"] = df["A"] + df["B"]

In [29]: df
Out[29]: 
           A      B          C
0 2012-01-01 0 days 2012-01-01
1 2012-01-02 1 days 2012-01-03
2 2012-01-03 2 days 2012-01-05

In [30]: df.dtypes
Out[30]: 
A     datetime64[ns]
B    timedelta64[ns]
C     datetime64[ns]
dtype: object

In [31]: s - s.max()
Out[31]: 
0   -2 days
1   -1 days
2    0 days
dtype: timedelta64[ns]

In [32]: s - datetime.datetime(2011, 1, 1, 3, 5)
Out[32]: 
0   364 days 20:55:00
1   365 days 20:55:00
2   366 days 20:55:00
dtype: timedelta64[ns]

In [33]: s + datetime.timedelta(minutes=5)
Out[33]: 
0   2012-01-01 00:05:00
1   2012-01-02 00:05:00
2   2012-01-03 00:05:00
dtype: datetime64[ns]

In [34]: s + pd.offsets.Minute(5)
Out[34]: 
0   2012-01-01 00:05:00
1   2012-01-02 00:05:00
2   2012-01-03 00:05:00
dtype: datetime64[ns]

In [35]: s + pd.offsets.Minute(5) + pd.offsets.Milli(5)
Out[35]: 
0   2012-01-01 00:05:00.005
1   2012-01-02 00:05:00.005
2   2012-01-03 00:05:00.005
dtype: datetime64[ns]

来自 timedelta64[ns] 系列的标量运算

In [36]: y = s - s[0]

In [37]: y
Out[37]: 
0   0 days
1   1 days
2   2 days
dtype: timedelta64[ns]

支持具有 NaT 值的 timedelta 系列

In [38]: y = s - s.shift()

In [39]: y
Out[39]: 
0      NaT
1   1 days
2   1 days
dtype: timedelta64[ns]

可以使用 np.nan 将元素设置为 NaT,类似于日期时间

In [40]: y[1] = np.nan

In [41]: y
Out[41]: 
0      NaT
1      NaT
2   1 days
dtype: timedelta64[ns]

操作数也可以以相反的顺序出现(单个对象与 Series 进行运算)

In [42]: s.max() - s
Out[42]: 
0   2 days
1   1 days
2   0 days
dtype: timedelta64[ns]

In [43]: datetime.datetime(2011, 1, 1, 3, 5) - s
Out[43]: 
0   -365 days +03:05:00
1   -366 days +03:05:00
2   -367 days +03:05:00
dtype: timedelta64[ns]

In [44]: datetime.timedelta(minutes=5) + s
Out[44]: 
0   2012-01-01 00:05:00
1   2012-01-02 00:05:00
2   2012-01-03 00:05:00
dtype: datetime64[ns]

min, max 和相应的 idxmin, idxmax 操作在帧上受支持

In [45]: A = s - pd.Timestamp("20120101") - pd.Timedelta("00:05:05")

In [46]: B = s - pd.Series(pd.date_range("2012-1-2", periods=3, freq="D"))

In [47]: df = pd.DataFrame({"A": A, "B": B})

In [48]: df
Out[48]: 
                  A       B
0 -1 days +23:54:55 -1 days
1   0 days 23:54:55 -1 days
2   1 days 23:54:55 -1 days

In [49]: df.min()
Out[49]: 
A   -1 days +23:54:55
B   -1 days +00:00:00
dtype: timedelta64[ns]

In [50]: df.min(axis=1)
Out[50]: 
0   -1 days
1   -1 days
2   -1 days
dtype: timedelta64[ns]

In [51]: df.idxmin()
Out[51]: 
A    0
B    0
dtype: int64

In [52]: df.idxmax()
Out[52]: 
A    2
B    0
dtype: int64

min, max, idxmin, idxmax 操作在 Series 上也受支持。标量结果将是 Timedelta

In [53]: df.min().max()
Out[53]: Timedelta('-1 days +23:54:55')

In [54]: df.min(axis=1).min()
Out[54]: Timedelta('-1 days +00:00:00')

In [55]: df.min().idxmax()
Out[55]: 'A'

In [56]: df.min(axis=1).idxmin()
Out[56]: 0

您可以在 timedelta 上使用 fillna,传递 timedelta 以获取特定值。

In [57]: y.fillna(pd.Timedelta(0))
Out[57]: 
0   0 days
1   0 days
2   1 days
dtype: timedelta64[ns]

In [58]: y.fillna(pd.Timedelta(10, unit="s"))
Out[58]: 
0   0 days 00:00:10
1   0 days 00:00:10
2   1 days 00:00:00
dtype: timedelta64[ns]

In [59]: y.fillna(pd.Timedelta("-1 days, 00:00:05"))
Out[59]: 
0   -1 days +00:00:05
1   -1 days +00:00:05
2     1 days 00:00:00
dtype: timedelta64[ns]

您还可以对 Timedeltas 进行取反、乘法和使用 abs

In [60]: td1 = pd.Timedelta("-1 days 2 hours 3 seconds")

In [61]: td1
Out[61]: Timedelta('-2 days +21:59:57')

In [62]: -1 * td1
Out[62]: Timedelta('1 days 02:00:03')

In [63]: -td1
Out[63]: Timedelta('1 days 02:00:03')

In [64]: abs(td1)
Out[64]: Timedelta('1 days 02:00:03')

缩减#

timedelta64[ns] 的数值缩减操作将返回 Timedelta 对象。如常,NaT 在评估期间会被跳过。

In [65]: y2 = pd.Series(
   ....:     pd.to_timedelta(["-1 days +00:00:05", "nat", "-1 days +00:00:05", "1 days"])
   ....: )
   ....: 

In [66]: y2
Out[66]: 
0   -1 days +00:00:05
1                 NaT
2   -1 days +00:00:05
3     1 days 00:00:00
dtype: timedelta64[ns]

In [67]: y2.mean()
Out[67]: Timedelta('-1 days +16:00:03.333333334')

In [68]: y2.median()
Out[68]: Timedelta('-1 days +00:00:05')

In [69]: y2.quantile(0.1)
Out[69]: Timedelta('-1 days +00:00:05')

In [70]: y2.sum()
Out[70]: Timedelta('-1 days +00:00:10')

频率转换#

Timedelta Series 和 TimedeltaIndex 以及 Timedelta 可以通过将类型转换为特定 timedelta 数据类型来转换为其他频率。

In [71]: december = pd.Series(pd.date_range("20121201", periods=4))

In [72]: january = pd.Series(pd.date_range("20130101", periods=4))

In [73]: td = january - december

In [74]: td[2] += datetime.timedelta(minutes=5, seconds=3)

In [75]: td[3] = np.nan

In [76]: td
Out[76]: 
0   31 days 00:00:00
1   31 days 00:00:00
2   31 days 00:05:03
3                NaT
dtype: timedelta64[ns]

# to seconds
In [77]: td.astype("timedelta64[s]")
Out[77]: 
0   31 days 00:00:00
1   31 days 00:00:00
2   31 days 00:05:03
3                NaT
dtype: timedelta64[s]

对于除支持的“s”、“ms”、“us”、“ns”之外的 timedelta64 分辨率,另一种方法是除以另一个 timedelta 对象。请注意,除以 NumPy 标量是真除法,而类型转换等同于地板除法。

# to days
In [78]: td / np.timedelta64(1, "D")
Out[78]: 
0    31.000000
1    31.000000
2    31.003507
3          NaN
dtype: float64

timedelta64[ns] Series 除以或乘以整数或整数 Series 将产生另一个 timedelta64[ns] 数据类型 Series。

In [79]: td * -1
Out[79]: 
0   -31 days +00:00:00
1   -31 days +00:00:00
2   -32 days +23:54:57
3                  NaT
dtype: timedelta64[ns]

In [80]: td * pd.Series([1, 2, 3, 4])
Out[80]: 
0   31 days 00:00:00
1   62 days 00:00:00
2   93 days 00:15:09
3                NaT
dtype: timedelta64[ns]

timedelta64[ns] Series 除以标量 Timedelta 进行舍入除法(地板除法)将得到一个整数序列。

In [81]: td // pd.Timedelta(days=3, hours=4)
Out[81]: 
0    9.0
1    9.0
2    9.0
3    NaN
dtype: float64

In [82]: pd.Timedelta(days=3, hours=4) // td
Out[82]: 
0    0.0
1    0.0
2    0.0
3    NaN
dtype: float64

当使用另一个 timedelta 类或数值参数进行操作时,mod (%) 和 divmod 操作定义为 Timedelta

In [83]: pd.Timedelta(hours=37) % datetime.timedelta(hours=2)
Out[83]: Timedelta('0 days 01:00:00')

# divmod against a timedelta-like returns a pair (int, Timedelta)
In [84]: divmod(datetime.timedelta(hours=2), pd.Timedelta(minutes=11))
Out[84]: (10, Timedelta('0 days 00:10:00'))

# divmod against a numeric returns a pair (Timedelta, Timedelta)
In [85]: divmod(pd.Timedelta(hours=25), 86400000000000)
Out[85]: (Timedelta('0 days 00:00:00.000000001'), Timedelta('0 days 01:00:00'))

属性#

您可以使用属性 days,seconds,microseconds,nanoseconds 直接访问 TimedeltaTimedeltaIndex 的各种组件。这些与 datetime.timedelta 返回的值相同,例如,.seconds 属性表示 >= 0 且 < 1 天的秒数。这些根据 Timedelta 是否带符号而带符号。

也可以通过 Series.dt 属性直接访问这些操作。

注意

请注意,属性不是 Timedelta 的显示值。使用 .components 检索显示值。

对于 Series

In [86]: td.dt.days
Out[86]: 
0    31.0
1    31.0
2    31.0
3     NaN
dtype: float64

In [87]: td.dt.seconds
Out[87]: 
0      0.0
1      0.0
2    303.0
3      NaN
dtype: float64

您可以直接访问标量 Timedelta 字段的值。

In [88]: tds = pd.Timedelta("31 days 5 min 3 sec")

In [89]: tds.days
Out[89]: 31

In [90]: tds.seconds
Out[90]: 303

In [91]: (-tds).seconds
Out[91]: 86097

您可以使用 .components 属性访问 timedelta 的简化形式。这将返回一个与 Series 索引类似的 DataFrame。这些是 Timedelta显示值。

In [92]: td.dt.components
Out[92]: 
   days  hours  minutes  seconds  milliseconds  microseconds  nanoseconds
0  31.0    0.0      0.0      0.0           0.0           0.0          0.0
1  31.0    0.0      0.0      0.0           0.0           0.0          0.0
2  31.0    0.0      5.0      3.0           0.0           0.0          0.0
3   NaN    NaN      NaN      NaN           NaN           NaN          NaN

In [93]: td.dt.components.seconds
Out[93]: 
0    0.0
1    0.0
2    3.0
3    NaN
Name: seconds, dtype: float64

您可以使用 .isoformat 方法将 Timedelta 转换为 ISO 8601 持续时间 字符串。

In [94]: pd.Timedelta(
   ....:     days=6, minutes=50, seconds=3, milliseconds=10, microseconds=10, nanoseconds=12
   ....: ).isoformat()
   ....: 
Out[94]: 'P6DT0H50M3.010010012S'

TimedeltaIndex#

要生成具有时间差的索引,您可以使用 TimedeltaIndextimedelta_range() 构造函数。

使用 TimedeltaIndex,您可以传递字符串类型、Timedeltatimedeltanp.timedelta64 对象。传递 np.nan/pd.NaT/nat 将表示缺失值。

In [95]: pd.TimedeltaIndex(
   ....:     [
   ....:         "1 days",
   ....:         "1 days, 00:00:05",
   ....:         np.timedelta64(2, "D"),
   ....:         datetime.timedelta(days=2, seconds=2),
   ....:     ]
   ....: )
   ....: 
Out[95]: 
TimedeltaIndex(['1 days 00:00:00', '1 days 00:00:05', '2 days 00:00:00',
                '2 days 00:00:02'],
               dtype='timedelta64[ns]', freq=None)

可以传递字符串 'infer' 以在创建时将索引的频率设置为推断的频率。

In [96]: pd.TimedeltaIndex(["0 days", "10 days", "20 days"], freq="infer")
Out[96]: TimedeltaIndex(['0 days', '10 days', '20 days'], dtype='timedelta64[ns]', freq='10D')

生成时间差范围#

类似于 date_range(),您可以使用 timedelta_range() 构造 TimedeltaIndex 的规则范围。 timedelta_range 的默认频率是日历日。

In [97]: pd.timedelta_range(start="1 days", periods=5)
Out[97]: TimedeltaIndex(['1 days', '2 days', '3 days', '4 days', '5 days'], dtype='timedelta64[ns]', freq='D')

可以使用各种startendperiods的组合与timedelta_range一起使用。

In [98]: pd.timedelta_range(start="1 days", end="5 days")
Out[98]: TimedeltaIndex(['1 days', '2 days', '3 days', '4 days', '5 days'], dtype='timedelta64[ns]', freq='D')

In [99]: pd.timedelta_range(end="10 days", periods=4)
Out[99]: TimedeltaIndex(['7 days', '8 days', '9 days', '10 days'], dtype='timedelta64[ns]', freq='D')

freq参数可以传递各种频率别名

In [100]: pd.timedelta_range(start="1 days", end="2 days", freq="30min")
Out[100]: 
TimedeltaIndex(['1 days 00:00:00', '1 days 00:30:00', '1 days 01:00:00',
                '1 days 01:30:00', '1 days 02:00:00', '1 days 02:30:00',
                '1 days 03:00:00', '1 days 03:30:00', '1 days 04:00:00',
                '1 days 04:30:00', '1 days 05:00:00', '1 days 05:30:00',
                '1 days 06:00:00', '1 days 06:30:00', '1 days 07:00:00',
                '1 days 07:30:00', '1 days 08:00:00', '1 days 08:30:00',
                '1 days 09:00:00', '1 days 09:30:00', '1 days 10:00:00',
                '1 days 10:30:00', '1 days 11:00:00', '1 days 11:30:00',
                '1 days 12:00:00', '1 days 12:30:00', '1 days 13:00:00',
                '1 days 13:30:00', '1 days 14:00:00', '1 days 14:30:00',
                '1 days 15:00:00', '1 days 15:30:00', '1 days 16:00:00',
                '1 days 16:30:00', '1 days 17:00:00', '1 days 17:30:00',
                '1 days 18:00:00', '1 days 18:30:00', '1 days 19:00:00',
                '1 days 19:30:00', '1 days 20:00:00', '1 days 20:30:00',
                '1 days 21:00:00', '1 days 21:30:00', '1 days 22:00:00',
                '1 days 22:30:00', '1 days 23:00:00', '1 days 23:30:00',
                '2 days 00:00:00'],
               dtype='timedelta64[ns]', freq='30min')

In [101]: pd.timedelta_range(start="1 days", periods=5, freq="2D5h")
Out[101]: 
TimedeltaIndex(['1 days 00:00:00', '3 days 05:00:00', '5 days 10:00:00',
                '7 days 15:00:00', '9 days 20:00:00'],
               dtype='timedelta64[ns]', freq='53h')

指定startendperiods将生成从startend(包含)的均匀间隔时间增量范围,在生成的TimedeltaIndex中具有periods个元素。

In [102]: pd.timedelta_range("0 days", "4 days", periods=5)
Out[102]: TimedeltaIndex(['0 days', '1 days', '2 days', '3 days', '4 days'], dtype='timedelta64[ns]', freq=None)

In [103]: pd.timedelta_range("0 days", "4 days", periods=10)
Out[103]: 
TimedeltaIndex(['0 days 00:00:00', '0 days 10:40:00', '0 days 21:20:00',
                '1 days 08:00:00', '1 days 18:40:00', '2 days 05:20:00',
                '2 days 16:00:00', '3 days 02:40:00', '3 days 13:20:00',
                '4 days 00:00:00'],
               dtype='timedelta64[ns]', freq=None)

使用TimedeltaIndex#

与其他类似日期时间的索引(如DatetimeIndexPeriodIndex)类似,您可以使用TimedeltaIndex作为pandas对象的索引。

In [104]: s = pd.Series(
   .....:     np.arange(100),
   .....:     index=pd.timedelta_range("1 days", periods=100, freq="h"),
   .....: )
   .....: 

In [105]: s
Out[105]: 
1 days 00:00:00     0
1 days 01:00:00     1
1 days 02:00:00     2
1 days 03:00:00     3
1 days 04:00:00     4
                   ..
4 days 23:00:00    95
5 days 00:00:00    96
5 days 01:00:00    97
5 days 02:00:00    98
5 days 03:00:00    99
Freq: h, Length: 100, dtype: int64

选择操作类似,对字符串和切片进行强制转换。

In [106]: s["1 day":"2 day"]
Out[106]: 
1 days 00:00:00     0
1 days 01:00:00     1
1 days 02:00:00     2
1 days 03:00:00     3
1 days 04:00:00     4
                   ..
2 days 19:00:00    43
2 days 20:00:00    44
2 days 21:00:00    45
2 days 22:00:00    46
2 days 23:00:00    47
Freq: h, Length: 48, dtype: int64

In [107]: s["1 day 01:00:00"]
Out[107]: 1

In [108]: s[pd.Timedelta("1 day 1h")]
Out[108]: 1

此外,您可以使用部分字符串选择,并且将推断范围。

In [109]: s["1 day":"1 day 5 hours"]
Out[109]: 
1 days 00:00:00    0
1 days 01:00:00    1
1 days 02:00:00    2
1 days 03:00:00    3
1 days 04:00:00    4
1 days 05:00:00    5
Freq: h, dtype: int64

操作#

最后,TimedeltaIndexDatetimeIndex的组合允许某些组合操作,这些操作可以保留NaT。

In [110]: tdi = pd.TimedeltaIndex(["1 days", pd.NaT, "2 days"])

In [111]: tdi.to_list()
Out[111]: [Timedelta('1 days 00:00:00'), NaT, Timedelta('2 days 00:00:00')]

In [112]: dti = pd.date_range("20130101", periods=3)

In [113]: dti.to_list()
Out[113]: 
[Timestamp('2013-01-01 00:00:00'),
 Timestamp('2013-01-02 00:00:00'),
 Timestamp('2013-01-03 00:00:00')]

In [114]: (dti + tdi).to_list()
Out[114]: [Timestamp('2013-01-02 00:00:00'), NaT, Timestamp('2013-01-05 00:00:00')]

In [115]: (dti - tdi).to_list()
Out[115]: [Timestamp('2012-12-31 00:00:00'), NaT, Timestamp('2013-01-01 00:00:00')]

转换#

与上述Series上的频率转换类似,您可以转换这些索引以生成另一个索引。

In [116]: tdi / np.timedelta64(1, "s")
Out[116]: Index([86400.0, nan, 172800.0], dtype='float64')

In [117]: tdi.astype("timedelta64[s]")
Out[117]: TimedeltaIndex(['1 days', NaT, '2 days'], dtype='timedelta64[s]', freq=None)

标量类型操作也适用。这些操作可能会返回不同类型的索引。

# adding or timedelta and date -> datelike
In [118]: tdi + pd.Timestamp("20130101")
Out[118]: DatetimeIndex(['2013-01-02', 'NaT', '2013-01-03'], dtype='datetime64[ns]', freq=None)

# subtraction of a date and a timedelta -> datelike
# note that trying to subtract a date from a Timedelta will raise an exception
In [119]: (pd.Timestamp("20130101") - tdi).to_list()
Out[119]: [Timestamp('2012-12-31 00:00:00'), NaT, Timestamp('2012-12-30 00:00:00')]

# timedelta + timedelta -> timedelta
In [120]: tdi + pd.Timedelta("10 days")
Out[120]: TimedeltaIndex(['11 days', NaT, '12 days'], dtype='timedelta64[ns]', freq=None)

# division can result in a Timedelta if the divisor is an integer
In [121]: tdi / 2
Out[121]: TimedeltaIndex(['0 days 12:00:00', NaT, '1 days 00:00:00'], dtype='timedelta64[ns]', freq=None)

# or a float64 Index if the divisor is a Timedelta
In [122]: tdi / tdi[0]
Out[122]: Index([1.0, nan, 2.0], dtype='float64')

重采样#

时间序列重采样类似,我们可以使用TimedeltaIndex进行重采样。

In [123]: s.resample("D").mean()
Out[123]: 
1 days    11.5
2 days    35.5
3 days    59.5
4 days    83.5
5 days    97.5
Freq: D, dtype: float64